Bilingualism and Language Cognitive Development by Elena Nicoladis
An Introduction to Bilingualism: Principles and Processes edited by Jeanette Altarriba and Roberto R. Heredia (2008)
Delay in Language Development
-Vocabulary size of bilingual children in a language is smaller than that of monolingual children because of the less frequent experience and the delay may be limited to the first five years of acquisition.
-Bilingual children need more time to interact in either language than monolingual children for acquisition.
Acceleration in Language Development
-When bilingual children have two similar underlying structures in both languages, the knowledge of one language can accelerate the usage of the other language. The linguistic development of bilingual children might be faster than that of monolingual children.
Cross-Linguistic Transfer
-It means “the structural influence of one language on another”. When bilingual children have two different language structures, they have to choose between them. Cross-Linguistic Transfer appears in their speech production, especially word order and pronunciation.
Cognitive Differences
-There are cognitive differences between monolingual and bilingual children. Bilingual children have advantages in terms of communicative competence, theory of mind, gesture use and control of attention.
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